Laser treatment of eye

REFRACTIVE ERROR

Need of Laser treatment – When the rays of light entering eye are not able to focus precisely on the retina , it will result in refractive error .

THE COMMON REFRACTIVE ERRORS ARE :

MYOPIA (NEAR SIGHTEDNESS):
myopic eye is longer than normal & cornea is steeper .hence, the light rays focus in front
of the retina .close objects look clear but distant objects appear blurred .

HYPEROPIA (FAR SIGHTEDNESS):
the causes are typically genetic , hyperopic eye is too short & cornea is too flat .hence the
rays of light focus behind the retina .distant objects look clear but near objects appear
blurred

ASTIGMATISM (DISTORTED VISION ):
the incoming light rays are unable to focus at a common point within the eye . distorted
or blurred vision for both near + far objects . a normal cornea is round & smooth . in
astigmatism , the cornea curves more in one direction than in the other . it can occur in
combination with myopia or hyperopia .

TYPES OF REFRACTIVE SURGERIES

PHOTO REFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY (PRK )

Done with excimer laser to reshape the cornea to correct mild to moderate myopia laser removes tiny amounts of tisssue from outer surface the procedure uses computer to map eye’s surface & calculate how much tissue to remove, takes a few minutes.

LASER IN SITU KERATOMILEUSIS

(LASIK)

Done with a computer controlled excimer cold laser & a tool called microkeratome or
femtosecond laser . the flap is replaced without stitches & reattaches to cornea within minutes .

CUSTOMVUE LASIK

wavefront guided lasik is advanced method for measuring optical distortions in the eye
wavescan can be used to evaluate the eye before surgery. this technology lets a lasik surgeon adjust the laser beam settings for more precise procedure

RELEX (REFRACTIVE LENTICULE EXTRACTION )

RELEX “FLEX”(FEMTOSECOND LENTICULE EXTRACTION)
RELEX “SMILE”(SMALL INCISION LENTICULE EXTRACTION)

CONTRAINDICATION FOR REFRACTIVE SURGERY

a)KERATOCONUS – It is a disorder of the eye which results in progressive thinning of the
cornea. This may result in blurry vision, double vision, nearsightedness, astigmatism, and
light sensitivity.
Keratoconus occurring after refractive surgery is called “Corneal Ectasia”, which may further if
advanced may need “corneal transplant “

b)Others-
certain eye diseases involving cornea & retina
medical condition like uncontrolled diabetes , vascular disease, autoimmune disease
glaucoma
pregnanat women
presbyopia

Read more about various laser treatment in detais :
Relex SMILE

Lasik Treatments

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